The Cape Floristic Region is a Floristic region located near the southern tip of South Africa. It is the only floristic region of the Cape (South African) Floristic Kingdom, and includes only one floristic province, known as the Cape Floristic Province.

yhe Cape Floristic Region, the smallest of the six recognised floral kingdoms of the world, is an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, and is home to more than 9 000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent are endemic. Much of this diversity is associated with the fynbos biome, a Mediterranean-type, fire-prone shrubland.

The economical worth of fynbos biodiversity, based on harvests of fynbos products (e.g. wildflowers) and eco tourism, is estimated to be in the region of R77 million a year. Thus, it is clear thant the Cape Floristic Region has both economic biological value as a biodiversity hotspot.

Robben Island is an island in Table Bay, 6.9 km west of the coast of Bloubergstrand, Cape Town, South Africa. The name is Dutch for "seal island". Robben Island is roughly oval in shape, 3.3 km long north-south, and 1.9 km wide, with an area of 5.07 km. It is flat and only a few metres above sea levl, as a result of an ancient erosion event. The island is composed of Precambrian metamorphic rocks belonging to the Malmesbury Group.

Robben Island is internationally known for the fact that Nobel Laureate and former President of South Africa Nelson Mendela was imprisoned on robben Island for 18 the 27 years he served behind bars before the fall of apartheid. Kgalema Motlanthe, who also served as President of South Arica, spent 10 years on Robben island as a political prisoner, as did the current president of South Africa jacob Zuma. Robben Island is both a South Africa National Heritage Site as well as a UNESCO World HEritage Site.

The Richtersveld is a mountainous desert landscape characterised by rugged kloofs and hight mountains, situated in the north-western corner of South Africa's Northern Cape province. It is full of changing scenery from flat, sandy, coastal plains, to craggy sharp mountains of volvcanic rock and the lushness of the Orange rive, which forms the border with neighbouring Namibia. The area ranges in altitude form sea level, to 1,377 m (4,518 ft) at Cornelberg.

Located in South Africa's northern Namaqualand, this arid area represents a harsh landscape where water is a great scarcity and only the hardiest of lifeforms survive. Despitethis, the Richtersveld is regarded as the only Arid Biodiversity Hospot on Earth, with an astonishing variety of plant, bird and animal life (much of which is endemic. Read More http://goo.gl/3nuYup

The Kingdom of Mapungubwe (1075-1220) was a pre-colonial state in Southern Africa located at the confluence of the Shashe and Limpopo rivers (south of Great Zimbabwe. The kingdom was the first would culminate in the creation of the Kingdom of Zimbabwe in the 13th century, and with gold trading links to Rhapta and Kilwa Kisiwani on the Africa east coast. The Kingdom of Mapungubwe lasted about 70 years, and at is height its population was about 5000 people.

The Cradle of Humankind is a World Heritage Site first named by UNESCO in 1999, about 50 kilometres northwest of Johannesburg, South Africa in the Gauteng, South Africa in the Gauteng province. This site currently occupies 47,000 hectares (180 sq mi); it contains a complex of limestone caves, including the Sterkfontein Caves, including the Sterkfontein Caves, whee the 2.3-million year-old fossil Australopithecus africanus (nicknamed "Mrs.Ples") was found 1947 by Dr. Robert Broom and John T. Robinson. The find helped juvenile Australopithecus africanus skull, "Taung Child", By Raymond Dart, at Taung in the North west Province of south Africa, where excavations still continue.

The name Cradle of Humankind reflects the fact that the site has produced a large nuber, as well as some of the oldest, hominin fossils ever found, some dating back as far as 3.5 milion years ago. Sterkfontein alone has produced more than a third of early hominid fossils ever found prior to 2010.